Steam pressure built over a short period of time and the dryer exploded. The degree to which a particular dryer is resilient to the explosion pressure should be indicated in documentation provided by the manufacturer or supplier of the particular drying technology. Melissa thaxton, a plaintiff from dallas, georgia, was standing next to her washing machine, unloading clothes from the dryer, when it exploded. Until now it has been common practice to design explosion protection measures explosion venting, explosion suppression for conventional spray dryers on the basis of dust cloud conditions according. Yankee dryer being discharged from a barge in santee south carolina. The national board of boiler and pressure vessel inspectors. Truck driver rick pratt was waiting in a line of trucks at the mill and managed to capture unbelievable footage of the explosion. Below is a transcript of the video sample provided for this module. All of these pieces had to be sorted and pieced together as part of the effort to identify the initiation area for the failure. Technical services head to shell corrosion upgrades. Steam for the yankee dryer generated from the hood exhaust. Figure 2 typical explosion pressure curve accepts that substantial deformation will occur in the stress in fluid bed dryer at 1. Beware exploding tumble dryers you could lose much more. With more than 30 years of experience in the manufacture of dryer cylinders, we are today one of the major suppliers in latin america and worldwide.
A recent explosion occurred in a single burner, recirculating solids ring dryer. Yankee dryers operate at high temperature and pressure. And steam is used to heat the dryer cans in the paper machines. The primary cause of failure is identified as a weakened structure and as a consequence, inlet pressure of the steam into the dryer reaching a critical limit. It met for the first time in april 1978 with eight attendees from four tissue manufacturers and three equipment suppliers. Inspection, repair, and alteration of yankee dryers. The yankee dryer is a large, steamheated, pressure vessel that is used in the production of tissue grades. Installing the new yankee dryer at irving tissue in saint john would. The manufacture of powder substances in spray dryers is commonly used in the food, pharmaceutical and chemical industries the highest risk of explosion is present particularly in production processes that involve dust.
May 28, 2012 one person was killed and four were injured in an explosion that caused a large fire at a paper mill in sartell, minn. To prevent stresses that can cause the yankee to explode never spray water on a hot yankee dryer and never hit the dryer with any tool. Western was contracted to complete a removal and reinstallation of a complete papermill in toronto, ontario. Included in this project was the moving of the new yankee dryer.
The goteborg mill was our first yankee customer and the dryer was operating way into the 1980 s. Confirmation that the pressure rating of each piece of equipment is adequate for the explosion contain. Today the application of a full face coatings to a yankee dryers is done with sophisticated coating equipment, and ground to an excellent paper making surface in about 12 the time of only a few years ago. Panjiva uses over 30 international data sources to help you find qualified vendors of yankee dryer. Part of an industrial boiler launched into the air inside a st. A yankee dryer is a pressure vessel used in the production of tissue paper. An explosion in sweden was reported to have occurred because a pressure control valve failed in the open position valves on the steam supply side are to be designed to fail closed and the. Interface corrosion is a very serious condition that can cause a catastrophic failure. Perhaps most importantly, though, phosphates help the yankee coating set up faster on the dryer surface. Otherwise known as headshell or crevice corrosion is where the head to shell joint on a yankee rusts and jacks open the joint.
This pressure vessel serves as a base for creping, pressing and drying of the paper. Up to 30% of the steam demand for the drying process can be generated out of waste heat, depending on the hot air system design and the location of the reevaporation steam for the yankee dryer. Phosphates tend to react with the yankee surface, acting as a linkage between the metal of the yankee and the organic portion of the coating matrix on the yankee. An investigation of a dryer can failure in a paper mill. Yankee dryer manufacturers suppliers of yankee dryer. Seven explosion doors were also used to protect the integrity of the dryer in the event a dust explosion, which close the. By decreasing the size, the main dryer does not take up as much room, and the yankee unit can be placed to the side of the main dryer, allowing workers to better use.
Papermill yankee dryer installation, millwrighting western. Dust explosion venting and suppression of conventional spray. Yankee dryer dry creping overview convergence tissue. Analysis of chatter marks damage on the yankee dryer surface of a tissue machine article in engineering failure analysis 2323. Yankee dryer failures an overview to improve tissue. Continuing to enhance our royale tissue product with new technology. One person was killed and four were injured in an explosion that caused a large fire at a.
A variation of the multiplecylinder drying section of a papermaking machine consisting a single large, highlypolished, heated metal cylinder used for producing a machineglazed finish. Time lapse of irving tissue mill yankee dryer installation youtube. Nov 29, 2012 visit to view the full video and purchase access to our other tissue courses. Louis plant, leaving three people dead and several others seriously injured. The major components of a yankee dryer include the shell, heads, bearings, journals, steam and rotary joints, steam distribution pipes, center stay, grooves and ribs, soda straws, condensate headers, riser pipes, and the central steam collecting pipe. Rated for 75 psi, hydrostatically tested sound in 2008. May 09, 2020 one advantage to using a yankee dryer is that this decreases the size of the main dryer by about 10 to 20 feet 3. The dryer was equipped with a recirculating fan, a burner section, a section to introduce the solids, a ring duct, a preseparator and four cyclones. In such a system, explosion pressure detectors mounted on the dryer and dust separator, such as a cyclone, detect the pressure excursion from an impending explosion. Drying and creping at the yankee cylinder is essential for high quality tissue paper production.
Apr 04, 2012 the dryer was equipped with a recirculating fan, a burner section, a section to introduce the solids, a ring duct, a preseparator and four cyclones. Millions of tons of paper have been produced on our yankee dryer coatings. No one was reported injured as a result of the explosion, however the explosion caused significant damage to the dryer and minor damage to sections of the facility. Mar 27, 2016 beware exploding tumble dryers you could lose much more than just your clothes if you have a tumble dryer at risk of going up in flames, not only are you putting yourself at risk but your home. Visit to view the full video and purchase access to our other tissue courses. Jan 21, 2015 the failure of a rotary dryer in a paper manufacturing facility is reported and analyzed. We produce carbon steel drying cylinders for small to large paper machines through a modern and rigorous process within the highest quality standards requirements, with asme certification and ce mark.
Unit includes bearing housings and gear, stainless yankee hood, frames and press roll. The largest yankee cylinders are exceeding 7 metres in diameter and 6 metres in width. How to prevent dryer system fires and explosions 201502. Uncontrolled and unplanned fires and explosions in the plant are obviously undesirable. Yankee dryer safety cellu tissue emergency shutdowns a hot yankee is susceptible to explosion when it is not rotating. The faster the coating sets up, the more robust it is, and the more resistant it is to wet streaks, relatively cold yankee surface temperatures, and chemical interference. The wet paper is pressed against the smooth surface of the cylinder and as it dries it takes on a very smooth, glazed surface. The explosion design of such systems must include the following. Zonal division of the system into explosion classes. The paper continues on the ankyee dryer, which, together with a drying hood, dries the paper from 40% dryness to 9098% dryness. Dryer fire at saskatoon house in arbor creek neighbourhood a dryer fire evacuated a saskatoon house in the 200block of kutz crescent on sunday afternoon. Ap a county sheriff says an explosion at a paper mill has killed two people and left nearly a dozen missing.
Alibaba manufacturer directory suppliers, manufacturers. On the yankee dryer, the paper goes from approximately 4245% dryness to just over 89% dryness. You have clicked a page that seems to be very popular. The failure of a rotary dryer in a paper manufacturing facility is reported and analyzed. Whether your application is in sanitary apparatus or under extreme conditions, e. A guideline presented in an endusers manual for inspection and care of the steel yankee dryer.
It was a prototype which was delivered three years later. Certain conditions contribute to an environment that allows unplanned and uncontrolled fires and explosions in industrial drying equipment. How yankee metallurgy plays a critical role in machine. The tappi yankee dryer safety subcommittee ydssc was formed at that time with the purpose of promoting safe operation of yankee dryers. Ametek land recommends the lsphd 7 linescanner for. Seven explosion doors were also used to protect the integrity of the dryer in the event a dust explosion, which close the vent area after the explosion. Whirlpool finally pull plug on exploding machines families have been ordered to unplug their exploding tumble dryers immediately until they have been repaired. Yankee machine definition is a paper machine in which the web of paper dried completely on a single large polished steamheated cylinder. Under ideal conditions, literally any dust may explode grain, flour, starch, sugar, milk powder, cocoa, coffee, coal or aluminium dust and other types of dust.
One person was killed and four were injured in an explosion that caused a large fire at a paper mill in sartell, minn. Trucker waiting outside paper mill captures massive explosion on. Dust explosion venting and suppression of conventional. The yankee dryer is a large, steamheated, pressure vessel that is used in the production of.
This course begins with some safety guidelines related to yankee dryers like those installed on. Yankee machine definition of yankee machine by merriam. The yankee dryer has long been considered the heart of a tissue machine. Tissue machine construction construction began in december 2011, with the first roll of paper coming off the machine in october 2012. Turn off all water sprays try to keep yankee turning or get it turning as soon. Due to its size and weight the dryer was brought in the side wall of the plant and skidded into the new mill. Thousands of new, highquality pictures added every day. Yankee dryer failures an overview to improve tissue machine. Practical cases of installation and start up procedures for proper operation of a steel yankee dryer will be presented.
The ankyee dryer is used in nearly all of metso papers machines. The yankee dryer cleaner device is a new tool to effectively and safely remove coating from the yankee dryer surface. Yankee dryer paper industrial processing ametek land. Paper machine yankee dryer cylinder yankee dryer cylinder application dryer section work speed 800mpm work pressure 0. The detectors transmit a signal to the control panel. Post failure, the shell, and the two heads of the dryer were analyzed using characterization techniques such as stereomicroscopy and scanning. How performing daily maintenance and process optimizations of the steel yankee dryer. A typical yankee dryer is a castiron cylinder of about 6 m 19. Yankee dryer a variation of the multiplecylinder drying section of a papermaking machine consisting a single large, highlypolished, heated metal cylinder used for producing a machineglazed finish. See part two of this series, act now to prevent fires and explosions in your industrial dryer. Primedry drying technology for tissue machines andritz. Removing coating is even more critical if chatter marks are developing, which can migrate across the face and into the yankee surface. Regular yankee dryer surface cleaning during downtime is important. Analysis of chatter marks damage on the yankee dryer.
How yankee metallurgy plays a critical role in machine runnability the yankee dryer is the heart of any tissue machine. Yankee dryers our yankee dryers manufacturing line presents the capability to produce cylinders with diameters up to 7. Selection of an explosion containment or mitigation strategy for each zone and each piece of equipment within that zone. The reaction rate is important for explosion protection by venting or suppression and this will also be influenced by flow conditions and turbulence prevailing in the dryer. The yankee dryer is one of the most essential parts of the tissue machine. Jan 17, 2020 before these explosion protection elements are put in place, the dryers structure must be tested to determine whether it can withstand explosion pressure. Raise hoods where applicable turn off heat to hoods turn off steam to dryer if yankee has stopped for over 10 minutes relief valve should open. A common downside of using a phosphate accelerant is a loss of. Since then, more than four hundred fifty yankee cylinders have left our factory in karlstad, sweeden. The national board of boiler and pressure vessel inspectors was created in 1919 to promote greater safety to life and property through uniformity in the construction, installation, repair, maintenance, and inspection of pressure equipment. When yankee chatter and surface variations become a continuing mystery, after checking all the usual items, grinding and runnability problems may very well be due to the basic metallurgy of the castiron dryer shell. Therefore, we are now able to attend to any demand from this paper industry segment and definitely have established ourselves in the market as the major supplier of steel yankee. Our faster grinding and spray equipment means your making paper.
A process of coating a yankee drier of a paper machine substantially as shown and described herein or comprising one or more of the novel features shown and described herein. Find dryer on fire stock images in hd and millions of other royaltyfree stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the shutterstock collection. Removing coating is even more critical if chatter marks are developing, which can. It enables very high evaporation rates and a uniform drying performance over the whole machine width due to the narrow gap between the hood and the yankee.